Predicting the development of Anorexia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Predicting the development of Anorexia - Essay Example The present study aims to identify the possible correlation between different adult attachment styles to the vulnerability of developing eating disorders. The susceptibility of developing anorexia is higher among the insecure attached people than those secure attached. Attachment relationships remain important throughout the life. While female adolescent and young adult are most likely affected by anorexia the vulnerability may vary across attachment styles. A group of 50 female patients aged 18-30, who fulfilled DSM-III-R criteria for typical anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa will be studied. They will undergo an interview to assess their attachment styles by using the relationship questionnaire (RQ) created by Bartholomew and Horowitz. Pearson correlation analyses will be performed afterwards to calculate the correlation among the variables. The results may be useful in risk assessment. Eating disorders are one of the most common forms of mental health problem and are associated with increased risk to life. The most common mental health problems in clinical practice are depression, eating disorders and anxiety disorders. The mortality rate is very high for eating disorders. Anorexia, when it is simply a physical symptom, can be caused by a range of problems, not necessarily psychological, which is why when it is part of an eating disorder, it is often called anorexia nervosa, in order to distinguish it. The overwhelming majority of people with eating disorders are heterosexual women. An estimated 10 per cent of all cases of eating disorders are male. A very interesting case in point is the study of anorexia in Hong Kong by Lee (2001: 40-54). Usually anorexia nervosa is associated with the fear of getting fat. This is an important feature of the differential diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV (DSM IV) for anorexia. The prevalence of eating disorde rs in young women in Hong Kong and other high-income cities are on the rise. Their earlier study revealed that the prevalence of disordered eating in Hong Kong is related to body dissatisfaction, family dysfunction, and depression in the adolescent females. Chinese adolescent females demonstrate Western pattern of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating attitudes. The psychosocial vulnerability factors are closely linked with it, and in the coming time, the authors predicted, there would be more weight control behavior and eating disorders (Lee and Lee, 1996). In their study in 2000, they commented that societal modernization is the cause of it (Lee and Lee, 2000). Another interesting feature is that they had no fear of getting fat, but they refused food in order to express their worries or to assert themselves in the family (Lee, 2001). Thus self-evaluation has a role to play in these disorders. Aim The present study aims at identifying the possible correlation between different adult styles of attachment to the risk of developing eating disorders. Objectives Thus far, the therapeutic measures available for eating disorders are inadequate. Better interventions are possible if the mechanism is delineated further. If a correlation between these eating disorders and attachment style in the adulthood is established, then

Marketing Communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Marketing Communications - Essay Example This not only allowed compliance with the marketing plans, but also succeeded in directly addressing the issue of consumer behaviour. This study emphasizes on the strategic significance of communication and the long term effect on the consumers. In this study, one of the biggest telecommunication companies of UK, O2, has been chosen to evaluate its communication mix. In addition, a comparative study between O2 and one of its arch rivals, Vodafone, has also been carried out. The key findings were that both O2 and Vodafone use almost all the elements of communication mix, except direct and personal selling. Although, it has been found that Vodafone is currently enjoying a better position in the market with its strong promotions and better plans, but the study has also shown that O2 has the potential to outshine Vodafone. In this context, the company can use its wide range of offerings to compete with Vodafone. One of the major limitations of the study was that it has been able to carry out secondary research only. It is believed that some kind of primary research along with this would have increased its credibility. Table of Contents 2 Introduction 4 Competition between two Brands 5 Literature Review 8 Market Overview 10 Research Methodology 11 Analysis and Discussion 11 Conclusions & Recommendations 17 Appendix 19 Introduction This paper looks into the marketing strategies of O2 and presents an evaluative study of the current strategies adopted by the company in contrast to its competitor, Vodafone. However, prior to that, brief overview of both the companies will be presented. O2 Telefonica UK Limited, commonly known as O2, is a UK based Telecommunication Company and is owned by Telefonica. The company is considered as the second largest telecommunication company of UK, right after Vodafone. O2 is presently headquartered at Slough, Berkshire, United Kingdom. It was founded in the year 1983 and Cellnet was its predecessor. Apart from the telecommunication servic es, the company also operates in financial service industry and internet service providing industry. Ronan Dunne serves as the present CEO of the company. Since his takeover from the previous CEO, the company has managed to do very well and has also succeeded in maintaining high revenue. O2 offers 2G, 3G and 4G services across the country and in some other parts of Europe. Furthermore, along with the wireless services, the company is proactive in fixed line services as well. The company uses its name as the logo and tries to portray an image where it acts as oxygen to the consumers with its name O2. The company is also active in the fields of charity and for that, it has tied up with groups. One of them is Academy Music Group. Partnering with them, the company has established O2 academy. Vodafone Vodafone Group is a telecommunications company based in London (Vodafone, n.d.). The company has the registered office in Berkshire. The company has influential operations in the internatio nal market and occupies the position of the third-largest mobile telecommunications company, after China Mobile and Singtel in terms of total number of subscribers (Celtnet, 2013). In June 2011, the company had 381.72 million subscribers (Rediff, 2011). The company has expanded its operations in more than thirty countries. Additionally, it has network of business partners in more than forty countries, apart

Environmental Noise Management Plan

Environmental Noise Management Plan Environmental Noise Management Plan for a proposed Outdoor Music Event University of Derby Online Learning, University of Derby, UK Iwona Typek- Ryszka 100381110 This Noise Management Plan has been completed to regulate the potential noise issue during proposed three days outdoor music event. The objective of this plan is to provide control measures to prevent noise impact on the local residents during the event and to ensure that balance is achieved between providing good entertainment and controlling potential adverse effect of noise pollution. (Legislation.gov.uk, 1996) 2.1. Site details The outdoor music festival is intended to operate over a 3-day weekend period and it will be held at the Hainault Forest Country Park, Romford Rd, Chigwell, London IG7 4QL. Live music is proposed to be performed from the main stage and the secondary stage. There also will be two Dub music marquees. 2.2. Operational hours The following operational hours are understood to be representative for main and acoustic stages over the entire duration of the festival: Main and secondary stages will play live music on: Friday, Saturday and Sunday from 12:00 to 23:00. The two marquee tents will play dub music on: Friday and Saturday from 12.00hrs to 02.00hrs Sunday from 12.00hrs to 24.00hrs. 2.3. Additional venues Additional venues will be available for guests: Adjacent camping area capable of holding up to 200 tents Onsite bar and refreshments area Car park area capable of holding up to 500 cars 3.1. The maximum Music Noise Level for main and secondary stages with live music The usual noise level for outdoor festival has been described as energy averaging (LAeq,T) 98 decibels (dB) measured at the concert mixer position about 40m from the main loudspeaker and at a height of 10m to 15m in the audience area (Colthurst and Fisher, 2011). Organisers will set the maximum noise level to (LAeq,T) 95 decibels (dB) to allow margin for error. This must not be exceed over 15-minute period during the entire event (Sound Solution Consultants Ltd, 2010). Maximum Noise Level set in The Code of Practice are shown in table 3.1.1. This guidance is set for events which finish before 23:00h. For events carry on beyond 23:00h, guidance recommendation is that the music noise should not be audible within noise-sensitive premises with windows open in a typical manner for ventilation (Noise Council, 1995 p.7). Reggae festival will more likely fit into category other urban or rural venues so a 15 minute Leq of 65 dB(A) is the guideline limit. Concert Days/Calendar Year/Venue Venue Category Guideline 1 to 3 Urban Stadia or Arenas The MNL should not exceed 75 dB(A) over a 15 minute period 1 to 3 Other Urban and Rural Venues The MNL should not exceed 65 dB(A) over a 15 minute period 4 to 12 All Venues The MNL should not exceed the background noise level by more than 15 dB(A) over a 15 minute period *dB(A) the A-weighted sound pressure level weighted to reflect the way the human ear responds to different frequencies (Noise Council, 1995). Table 1. The maximum Music Noise Level (MNL) where the MNL is expressed as a Leq (Adapted from the Noise Council, 1995 p.6). 3.2. The maximum Music Noise Level for the noise sensitive areas The World Health Organisations (WHO) Guidelines for Community Noise document says that for outdoor living area noise levels of 55 dB LAeq cause serious annoyance during daytime and evening. The noise levels of 45dB LAeq (measured from outside) cause sleep disturbance to residence. The Guidelines recommends an internal LAeq of 30dB for optimal sleep conditions (and no more than 35dB for internal rooms during daytime). Organisers will set maximum noise level to 45dB LAeq (measured from outside) for operational hours of 12:00- 23:00 and 30dB LAeq (measured from outside) for event which carry on beyond 23:00. 4.1. Characteristic of reggae music The drums and bass guitar play significant role in reggae music and attention is drawn to low frequencies (En.wikipedia.org, 2017). This type of noise will travel substantially further, and it can easily pass through the barriers and structures. (Colthurst and Fisher, 2011). 4.2. Local Geography and Topography Hainault Forest Country Park is large park located in Greater London, which combines woodland and open space. This is a rural area and is relatively flat (Redbridge.gov.uk, 2017).The festival is planned on the open field which allows sound to travel without interference (Everest and Pohlmann, 2009). 4.3. Noise sensitive areas The closest noise sensitive receptors to the proposed festival site are summarised below: Receptor 1 Properties located at Lambourne End, approximately 1.33 km to the north of the proposed festival venue. Receptor 2 Properties located at Chingwell Row, approximately 1.45km to the west of the proposed festival venue. Receptor 3 Newly built housing development located behind a golf club, approximately 1.3 km to the south of the proposed festival venue. Receptor 4 Houses located alongside Romford Rd. approximately 1.3km to the south-west of the proposed festival venue. Picture 1. Location of noise sensitive areas 4.4. Noise Sources Main noise sources for the reggae festival have been identified as follow: Amplified music (recorded and live) Sound systems Sound checks Car parking and camping and bar area Departing patron noise The build and break down 4.5. Noise controls put before the event 4.5.1. Background Noise Survey The background noise, also known as ambient noise is defined as unwanted or harmful outdoor sound created by human activities, including noise emitted by means of transport road traffic, rail traffic, air traffic and from sites of industrial activity (The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, 2002). There is no doubt that large music events may cause disturbance to local neighbourhood due to high powered amplification involved. Therefore there is a need to complete a background noise survey before the event, to predict noise emission levels, and to ensure the health and welfare of those who live nearby is maintained (Noise Council, 1995). Background noise survey will be undertaken end of April 2017 to determine background noise level at the mixer location and in the noise sensitive areas. Weather will be taken into account, as wind speed and direction or temperature may influence the transmission of sound. (Colthurst and Fisher, 2011). 4.5.2. Acoustic consultant Fully qualified and registered acoustic consultant will be employed by festival organisers to help with event planning, to complete noise survey and monitor noise levels throughout the event. (Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events, 2012, p.16) 4.5.3. Communication arrangements The communication network between the team members involved in noise monitoring will be established via handheld radios (Noise Council, 1995 p. 11). There will be hot line step up where local residents could use to complain about noise level. The hotline will be open for whole duration of the event. All complaints will be logged, investigated and remedial action will be taken. Log will be kept to demonstrate compliance (Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events, 2012, p.17) 4.5.4. Public relations 3 months before the event, first briefing note will be delivered to the noise sensitive premises, informing neighbours that the concerts will take place and advising them about the precautions taken to minimise noise impact. The second note will be delivered to the residents no later than 2 weeks before the event. This note will remind them about the festival, asking for their tolerance and providing a telephone number for the noise complaint hot-line where someone responsible can be contacted in case of any problems. (Noise From Open Air Events Guidance for Applicants, 2014, p. 10) 4.5.5. Sound preparation tests and set ups Sound propagation tests will be carried out at the day of the event to ensure that sound levels are correct and meet the targets. (Noise From Open Air Events Guidance for Applicants, 2014, p. 10) The weather condition on the days of the event also will be taken to consideration and level of noise will be correctly adjusted to meet specified criteria. To avoid unnecessary disturbances to the local residents, sound propagation tests will be carried out no earlier than at 10am. (Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events, 2012, p.12) 4.5.6. Sound system Circuit speakers system will be adopted for the main event stage. This system will help minimise noise level by positioning several low powered speakers around the audience. The system will be used instead of two large banks of speakers on either side of the stage. (Noise From Open Air Events Guidance for Applicants, 2014, p. 8) Loudspeakers will be positioned away from the noise sensitive areas properties in Chigwell Row and development near Romford Rd (Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events, 2012, p.13). Loudspeakers will be directed onto the area where audience will be, to avoid over-spill into the surrounding area (Soundadvice.info, 2017). The roof will be placed on the main and secondary stages to help to decrease the noise exposure outside the stage (Asselineaut et al., 2010). There will be no speakers positioned outside of two Dub Shacks and speakers located inside the tents will be positioned downwards, away from any doors. Several small speakers will installed to ensure an even distribution of sound (Sound Licensing Limited, 2015). Sound engineer will be strictly responsible for controlling the low frequency level of the music (bass) as its causes the most nuisance to local residents (Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events, 2012, p.12). 4.5.7. Rules for car park, comping area, bar and refreshment area The car park and the camping areas will be strictly monitored during and after licensable hours to avoid any unnecessary noise e.g. recorded and live music. Use of Portable PA systems and car stereos will be strictly prohibited in the car park and camping site. Patrons will be informed about this rule before entry to the site and on entrance to the site. This will be communicated via clear signage and through Terms and Conditions of use of both car park and camp site. If there will be a breach of this condition, the equipment will be confiscated and if there will be repeatable offence, the offenders will be removed from the site. The active patrols will be taking place during and after licensable hours and logbook will be kept to demonstrate compliance (One Love Management, 2015, p16, p.28). Bar and refreshment area will be monitored by Designated Premises supervisor. Bar will be closed at 22.30pm to ensure party will not carry on after licensable hours of event (One Love Management, 2015, p.12). 4.5.8. Traffic Management Road traffic noise is one of the main sources affecting sleep and causing annoyance (Ohrstrom et al., 2006). There is only one road leading from the festival venue to the main road. This road will serve as an access to the venue. To keep traffic to minimum organiser will encourage guests to use alternative methods of transports e.g. trains, buses or car share. There will be dedicated traffic management team in place to ensure that parking is done efficiently and without unnecessary disturbance to local residents (One Love Management, 2015, p.16). The unnecessary use of horns and use of heavy vehicles at night time will be also forbidden (WHO, 1999). 5.1. Monitoring noise level Monitoring of noise levels will be in place during licensable hours, and sound checks will be completed daily for the duration of the event. Those measurements will be completed at following locations: mixer position, stage, Dab Shacks and noise sensitive locations (Lets Rock London, 2015). Fixed sound level monitoring device will be used at the mixer position (Lets Rock London, 2015) and sound limiter device will be installed inside Dub Shacks to ensure that agreed limits are not exceeded (Sound Licensing Limited, 2015). The mobile sound level monitoring device will be used to measure sound level for each of new act performs on the stage. The remote sound level monitoring device will be set up at least one of the Noise Sensitive Locations and this device will be configured to record the sound levels for the duration of the event. There will be system put in place to alert the responsible person if any levels are exceeded. (Lets Rock London, 2015) 5.2. After the event All the results of the noise monitoring completed during the event will be kept and send to the Local Authority after the event, along with any complaints received, with documented corrective actions taken (Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events, 2012, p.17). The aim of the noise management plan is to address all noise related challenges and ensure that there is balance maintained between the needs of the event organisers and the local residents. The actions have been taken to reduce and manage the noise impact on the surrounding area and to ensure great entertainment for patrons. Asselineau, M., and Serra, M (2010) Music and outdoors: are they meant to work together?. Proceedings of 20th International Congress on Acoustics, ICA. Sydney; pp.1-7. Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events. (2012). Bath, p.12-17 Colthurst, A., and Fisher, S (2011) Noise and Vibration. Cited in: Battersby, S. Clays Handbook of Environmental Health. 20th Edition. Spon Press. London and New York. Ebook. En.wikipedia.org. (2017). Reggae. [online] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggae [Accessed 12 Mar. 2017]. Everset, F. A., and Pohlmann, K. C (2009) Master Handbook of Acoustics. 5th Edition. Mc Grow Hill. London. Ebook. Legislation.gov.uk. (1996). Noise Act 1996. [online] Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/37/crossheading/summary-procedure-for-dealing-with-noise-at-night [Accessed 12 Mar. 2017]. Lets Rock London. (2015). Lets Rock London 2016 Noise Management Plan. Noise from Open Air Events Guidance for Applicants. (2014). Portsmouth: Portsmouth City Council, p.8-10 Ohrstrom, E., Skanberd, A., Sevensson, H., and Gidlof-Gunnarsson, A (2006) Effect of road traffic noise and the benefit of access to quietness. Journal of Sound and Vibration 295(1/2); pp. 40-59. One Love Management, (2015). One Love Festival Appendix 2. EVENT SAFETY MANAGEMENT PLAN. Basingstoke: Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council, pp.12- 28. Redbridge.gov.uk. (2017). Redbridge Hainault Forest Country Park. [online] Available at: https://www.redbridge.gov.uk/leisure-sport-and-the-arts/parks/hainault-forest-country-park/ [Accessed 12 Mar. 2017]. Sound Solution Consultants Ltd, (2010). The Black Horse Festival Noise Impact Assessment TECHNICAL REPORT. Rother: Rother District Council. The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union (2002) Directive 2002/49/EC relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise. Official Journal of the European Communities. L 189; pp. 12-25. The Noise Council (1995) Code of Practice on Environmental Noise Control at Concerts, London, The Noise Council. World Health Organisation (1999) Guidelines for Community, Geneva. Sound Licensing Limited, (2015). NOISE IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT 3 CROYDON LANE SM7 3AS.

Civil war Essay -- essays research papers

Causes & Results of the Civil War The Civil War, in U.S. history, was a conflict that pitted the Northern states of the American Union against the Southern states. The war raged for 4 years (1861-65) and was marked by some of the fiercest military campaigns of modern history. Large armies were involved in large movements, and entire populations were engaged in supporting the war efforts of both sides. The war had international impact, not only because of the growing international stature of the United States, but also because war threatened world access to the South's cotton. Britain and France had particular interest in the war's outcome, but other nations were also affected by it. The chief and immediate cause of the war was slavery. Southern states, including the 11 states that formed the Confederacy, depended on slavery to support their economy. Southerners used slave labor to produce crops, especially cotton. Although slavery was illegal in the Northern states, only a small proportion of Northerners actively opposed it. The main debate between the North and the South on the eve of the war was whether slavery should be permitted in the Western territories recently acquired during the Mexican War (1846-1848), including New Mexico, part of California, and Utah. Opponents of slavery were concerned about its expansion, in part because they did not want to compete against slave labor. By 1860, the North and the South had developed into two very different regions. Divergent social, economic, and political points of view, dating from colonial times, gradually drove the two sections farther and farther apart. Each tried to impose its point of view on the country as a whole. Although compromises had kept the Union together for many years, in 1860 the situation was explosive. The election of Abraham Lincoln as president was viewed by the South as a threat to slavery and ignited the war.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second of the three S’s that caused the civil war was sectionalism. During the first half of the 19th century, economic differences between the regions increased. By 1860 cotton was the chief crop of the South, and it represented 57 percent of all U.S. exports. The profitability of cotton, known as King Cotton, completed the South’s dependence on the plantation system and its essential component, slavery. The North was by then firmly establi... ...al debates. As the 19th century closed, they faced a rigidly segregated life in the South and hostility across most of the North. Despite the destruction, the war did settle the question of secession. Since 1861 no state has seriously considered withdrawing from the Union. In addition, the war brought slavery to an end. After the issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation, there was widespread acceptance of the fact that Union victory would mean general emancipation. Since the proclamation was a war measure that might be held unconstitutional after the war, the 13th Amendment to the Constitution, which abolished slavery, was passed by both houses of Congress early in 1865. It was ratified by three-fourths of the states and was formally proclaimed in effect on December 18, 1865.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The war also set the South back at least a generation in industry and agriculture. The invading armies devastated factories and farms. The labor system fell into chaos. Not until the 20th century did the South recover fully from the economic effects of the war. In contrast, the North forged ahead with the building of a modern industrial state.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Medicine is the biggest epidemic in our time’ was Ivan Illich a prophet or a rumor monger Essay

Ivan Illich was an Austrian philosopher, very popular for his of contribution of theories on the concept of medicalization. He has published many books on medicalization and has presented to a wider public the notion of iatrogenic disease. Medicine is a major therapy tool in social life and without proper medication human life could be highly constrained by many diseases surrounding it. Ivan Illich has had a contribution in the field of medicalization as a philosopher by constructing theories that various medics have followed in their practice. Iatrogenesis is a term that is used to refer an illness that come from medical activity and outweighs any positive benefit of medicine. Iatrogenesis was introduced into social science by Illich. According to Illich, iatrogenesis had adverse effects on the industrial society as it enhanced the corruption, incapacitated individuals and limited freedom in an industrial set up. Illich outlined three major types of iatrogenesis, these are; clinical , social and cultural iatrogenesis. Illich has theorized various ideas in medicalization and society. This essay will point out some theories that highlight whether Illich was a prophet or a rumormonger in society and show some evidence based on his approaches in medicalization. The essay will as well focus on the notion of iatrogenesis and statistics that has been conducted in the UK based on statistics. Finally, the essay will show some assumptions of Illich on medicalization and also how iatrogenesis can be prevented in society. According to statistics in the UK, it indicates that the estimation of 215,000 deaths every year have been caused by iatrogenic, whereby cancer and the heart disease are seen to be causing more deaths in every year(Shaffer, Philips, &Enzer, 2009, p.241). Iatrogenic effects in several cases are fully defined and can be recognized easily, for instance those complications that need a surgical procedure. However, the less obvious complications need significant investigation to recognize, such as difficult drug interactions. Ivan Illich who was a researcher and a multilingual prolific writer on issues related to society and medicine attributed his concepts of medicalization and proposed his views towards the modern medicine in the society. Illich argued that the notion of medicine had deprived individuals and society of their capacity to cope with sickness and death (Basford, Lynn & Oliver Slevin, 2003, p.122). Therefore, based on Illich, iatrogenesis cannot be understood unless it is seen specifically medical manifestation of particular counter productivity. Illich therefore points out main three levels of iatrogenesis. The first level is the clinical iatrogenesis, this whereby the injury is depicted to the patients by unproductive, toxic and insecure treatment to the patients. The second level is the social iatrogenesis, which comes as a result of medicalization of life, and thirdly cultural iatrogenesis, which comes as a result of the destruction of traditional ways of dealing with and making sense of death, pain and illness. Based on the evidence in his works of medicine described for over twenty years, it is noted that Illich was not a rumormonger, but a philosophical prophet, based on his predictions and research on the concept of iatrogenesis. Ivan Illich has traced contemporary idea of the issue of epidemic in the societal context and this notion has greatly focused on the main assumptions that lead to that epidemic. Based on his ideas, he argued on the progressing views on medicine, there is an empowerment model that has evolved out of the realization of epidemic and, therefore, patients cannot be forced to follow a lifestyle dictated by others towards the problem of medicalization. Based on Ivan Illich’s theories on his perspectives towards natural health, medicine undermines health of individuals not only based directly on aggression, but also over the impact of its social organization on the milieu. On that context, when the medical damage to the health of an individual is produced based on the sociopolitical mode of transmission. Thus, according to Illich, social iatrogenesis is designated in all impairments on regard to health that specifically to those socio-economic revolutions which have been made pretty, probable, or essential by the formal shape health care has taken (Kazer, 2008, p.209). Thus, based on his views towards the medicalization, the assumptions that erupt prevail that Illich was one person in the society who was seen as a prophet. Most people considered his ideas more especially his aspects on the iatrogenesis and through his open minded on the society, they regard his views to be those of a prophet. The iatrogenic death has become the third leading cause of death in the UK, surpassing the death by stroke. Based on different sources indicate that, between 200,000 and 250, 000 people are reported to die each year from Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) in the hospital setting (Kazer, 2008, p.289). On the same note, it is seen that deaths by ADRs kills over five times as the illegal combined in every year and that is the most conservative estimate that is outlined. Thus, the prescription drug Vioxx kills an estimate of 60,00 people by cardiac arrest alone and this figure does not reflect and account for any other fatal side effects such as the internal bleeding. In most cases, medicine undermines health and this is not only based on direct aggression against individuals but it has also an impact on the social organization on the total milieu. Therefore, medical damage to the individual health is enacted by the social iatrogenesis. This defines all the deficiencies that subdue to health a nd are due precisely to those socio-economic revolutions that have been made impressive, possible by the established shape health care. Iatrogenesis has many dimensions as per Ivan Illich’s concept. The undesirable side-effects of approved, mistaken, callous or contra-indicated technical contacts with the medical system represent only first level of pathogenic medicine. The belief of people that they cannot cope with illness without modern medicines reinforces and lays the ground for iatrogenesis by surrendering themselves to the doctors. According to Illich, he illustrates that the social iatrogenesis is not yet acknowledged as a collective etiology of sickness. He outlines that the diagnosis often serves as a means of turning political grievances besides the stress of growth into needs for more remedies that are just more of its expensive and demanding outputs, the industrial system would lose one of its major defenses. On the same note, responsiveness of the extent to which iatrogenic ill health is politically-communicated would shake the basics of medical power much more deeply than any catalogue of medicine’s technical faults. Based on this fact, his works and ideas portray the assumption of his research and these shows that he was not a rumourmonger but can be seen as a prophet in several aspects since his predictions indicated the notion of reality. Iatrogenesis designates a condition of illness, disease, injury or hostile health brought upon a patient as an indirect or direct result of medical diagnosis or cure. Therefore, when iatrogenesis gets into pain, there are numerous common varieties of iatrogenesis, that subsidize to the on-set of symptoms, as well as the dissemination and worsening of existing conditions. Acute postoperative pain is followed by insistent pain in 10-50% of individuals after mutual operations, such as breast and thoracic surgery, groin hernia repair, and coronary artery bypass surgery leg amputation (Gould, Brooker& Gould, 2008, p.167). Iatrogenic complications are very common most people who are affected are the elderly than the young patients. These complications include the adverse effects as the interactions, falls, nosocomial infections, Pressure ulcers and other relevant complications to surgery, however, prevention is often possible, (O’dea& Erikson, 2010, p.341). For example, the large pe rcentage that is affected is the men. The statistics indicate that women live longer than women, however, the spend most of their lives with different disparities. The smoking rates between women in UK were slightly low compared to men, thus women smoke 25.1% while men 31.2%. The initial step in stoppage is to categorize patients at high risk in order to know the way forward in which to help that particular individual. Risk factors may include the following. Prevention is the most crucial factor and determining the effective way to prevent such assumption is to overlook on that factors that contribute to such infections. After full recognition of that factors, focusing on the proper measures that should be taken into consideration to avoid those elements that affect the situation (Miller, 2013, p.178). Thus, interventions that can prevent iatrogenic complications may include the following: addressing proper medication to the patient by relying on primary evidence. In conclusion, Illich can be considered a prophet and not a rumourmonger. A prophet according to religion is a person who can tell about the future. This declaration has evolved from a number of his assumptions on medicine and his approaches towards the medicalization that are entirely based on his research of over twenty years. For instance, in UK there are several individuals who die of diseases linked to the effect of iatrogenesis in every year. This aspect is seen to affect the elderly people more than the young. Illich’s views on medicalization are shown to be very significant to the society as they enlightened individuals to be aware of some aspects that lead to iatrogenesis. With the evidence on health system, his philosophies are examined to be very significant in society since they mainly focused on the main areas that analyze medicalization. His predictions in several aspects support his research on the health systems in society and this fully defines him as a prophe t. It has been documented that no substantial addition to life expectancy or the quality of life critically ill patients has been achieved by high tech cost medical technology. As a contrast, there are many medical interventions, which are simple, cheap and often without any need of medicine yet are quite effective. However, such simple remedies are often neglect or ignored altogether. medicalization encourages our dependence on professional care, and on medical drugs. References Basford, L. & Oliver S. 2003. Theory and Practice of Nursing: An Integrated Approach to Patient Care. Cheltenham, U.K: Nelson Thornes. Gould, D., Brooker, C., & Gould, D. 2008. Infection prevention and control: applied microbiology for healthcare. Basingstoke [England], Palgrave Macmillan. Kazer, M. W. 2008. Essentials of gerontological nursing. New York, Springer. Miller, A. B. 2013. Epidemiologic studies in cancer prevention and screening. New York, NY, Springer. O’Dea, J. A., &Eriksen, M. P. 2010.Childhood obesity prevention: international research, controversies, and interventions. Oxford [U.K], Oxford University Press. Shaffer, D., Philips, I., &Enzer, N. B. 2009.Prevention of mental disorders, alcohol, and other drug use in children and adolescents. Rockville, Md. (5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville 20857), The Office. Source document

Media coursework

The age 14–25 is an appropriate target audience for the story line I have chosen. My comic book is also aimed at boys which is stereotypical but I found that during my research cost boys buy darker, gorier comic books so this helped me pick the colors for my horror comic book front cover.My comic book also represents the social group of people who Like dark, gothic, horror comics. I have achieved this through the use of dark colors. By using the Image of a superhero standing tall on the front of the page, this brings In the serious feel to horror. This can then be seen as the person In the image not wanting to mess about, linking to the horror theme again-I researched lots f gothic comic books before so had a very good knowledge of what a typical horror comic book front cover looked like.In this image I decided to make the moon brighter to show the amount of light against the dark colors. Also, this made the comic book front cover stand out more to my audience. Using photos I also cut around the circle to there was no black to make the moon be more clear to the audience against the dark background. Through the process of constructing my product I have become much more advanced at using photos than I was before.It gave me a chance to use a lot of the features which I had not used before such as: the lasso tool which I found extremely helpful when transferring images onto my front cover. I used photos to edit my photos to make them look darker. If I was going to repeat this assignment I would of liked to of chosen a different purely because I am a girl so I am not very interested it that theme. Also, I would of liked to of chosen a different layout for my product because I feel like my comic book was not very original or creative.

Disaster Recovery essays

Disaster Recovery essays Before September 11th disaster recovery seemed to be something that was never strongly thought about. On that day the World Trade Centers recovery plan was put to the test. The damage done to the towers was tremendous, and the people involved risked their own lives trying to save others. The city was put to the test on February 26 1993 when the towers were bombed the first time. The number of missing people could have been larger but there was a plan to follow, which sped things up in escaping the building. A disaster recovery plan for any building can save lives, as well as save the business. The definition of a disaster is any accidental or intentional event that causes significant disruption to a companys operation. Each company will be faced with its unique set of threats and corresponding vulnerabilities. These threats and vulnerabilities will depend on the nature of the companys products or services and its geographic location. In the initial risk analysis all possible disasters should be reviewed to determine their probability of their potential for inflicting loss. (Chantico1) The purpose of having a plan in place is to ensure the safety of occupants.Resume vital operations within a specified time after the incident occurs. Returning to normal operations as soon as practical and possible is key to keep a company going. Training personnel and familiarizing them with emergency operations will ensure a quick recovery. The plan should consider various types of disasters and varied durations of service interruption. It should detail the actions to be taken based on the level of damage, rather than an individual type of loss. Exceptions to this rule will be regional disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, blizzards in which case the plan should detail specific actions. (Chantico1) The detailed information needed to develop a recovery plan will vary by company. But there are four features tha...

Managing People at Heinz Company

Managing People at Heinz Company Introduction H.J Heinz Company is a well-established firm that operates in the US food industry. The firm has attained global market recognition due to its comprehensive internationalisation strategy. The firm is renowned for its nutritious and delicious convenient food products (Heinz 2015).Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Managing People at Heinz Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite its past market success, Heinz is focused on optimising its economic sustainability through formulation and implementation of effective corporate level strategies. One of the corporate level strategies that the firm has integrated in its strategic management entails the formation of merger and acquisition (Market Watch 2015). On 25th March 2015, Heinz announced its ambitious plan to merge with Kraft Foods, a US-based food company. The merger agreement will lead to the establishment of a new entity, which will operate unde r the name â€Å"The Kraft Heinz Company†. Heinz will have control of the new entity (DiChristopher 2015). Heinz shareholders will have a 51% stake in the new entity. The new firm will become the third largest food enterprise in North America. It is expected that the merger will increase the sales revenue of the two firms to $28 billion (Market Watch 2015). Problem statement Over the past decades, a number of merger and acquisition failures have been experienced due to ineffective post-acquisition integration processes (Lakhman 2011). One of the reasons for the failure is the lack of or poor adoption of strategic organisational management practices. The Heinz-Kraft merger is not shielded from failure. Despite this aspect, undertaking the intended merger between the two firms will present a major challenge to Heinz management team due to the complex issues associated with mergers and acquisitions. First, some employees might perceive the merger as a threat to their job. Moreov er, the two firms are characterised by distinct organisational culture, which they have developed over the years.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The lack of or poor management of the existing organisational culture differences can lead to the failure of the merger. This aspect underscores the importance of integrating effective strategic human resource management practices in order to deal with possible culture shock and employee resistance. One of the critical strategic management issues that Heinz management team should consider in its quest to implement the merger is effective people management. Failure to take into account the two issues will increase the risk of failure (Holbeche 2007). Research objective The purpose of this research is to evaluate how H.J Heinz Company can successfully undertake the intended merger with Kraft Foods by appreciating the con cepts of employee involvement and engagement during its merger process. This move will culminate in the attainment of effective post-merger integration. Research question The research study will be based on the following research question. In what ways can Heinz Company adopt people management as one of the strategic management practices in its quest to foster organisational performance? Literature review Culture is one of the fundamental aspects in the existence of organisations (Schmitz 2009). Gill (2002) argues that can lead to a reduction in an organisation’s cost of operation through effective coordination of the employees’ efforts. Consequently, it can translate into attainment of a higher competitive advantage. However, most organisations do not appreciate the importance of culture in the course of implementing diverse change initiatives. A study involving over 100 senior organisational executives engaged in 700 merger and acquisition deals between 1996 and 19 98 revealed that 83% of the MA’s did not attain the desired outcome (KPMG 2000).Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Managing People at Heinz Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the contrary, the MA initiatives led to the destruction of organisational value (Gill 2012). Gill (2002) further argues that the failure emanated from the existence of poor people and cultural management practices. The strong correlation between people and culture management to organisational performance underscores the importance of incorporating effective HRM practices (Holbeche 2007). Vazirani (2012) cites a number of factors that contribute to the failures of mergers and acquisitions. According to Vazirani (2012), imitation of the merger and integration strategy has greatly contributed to MA failure. This aspect underscores the existence of a gap in organisations’ commitment to formulate and adopt unique people manag ement strategies. Moreover, failures in mergers and acquisitions also arise from the adoption of ineffective leadership practices. According to Kiessling and Harvey (2006), most organisations do not adopt a knowledge-based view in their people management practices. Privately held knowledge comprises a fundamental source of an organisation’s competitive advantage. Thus, employees are fundamental intangible organisational resources. However, the capacity to tap into the tacit knowledge held by the employees is only possible if effective employee involvement and engagement strategies are adopted. This goal can be achieved by integrating the cultural orientation model, which is concerned with understanding the individuals’ cultural dimensions (Sparrow 2009).Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, the extent to which organisational manager understands the employees’ appreciation of the organisational culture is subject to the type of leadership style. According to Cummings and Worley (2014), employee involvement is aimed at increasing the employees’ input in the decision-making process. Employee involvement culminates in the attainment of high organisational performance while at the same time taking into consideration the employees’ wellbeing. Cummings and Worley (2014) further contend that employee involvement increases the employees’ level of motivation and hence their productivity. Thus, ignoring employees during major organisational change initiatives may be counterproductive due to increased resistance to the intended transformation, which in extreme situations might culminate in turnover intentions (Galpin, Whittington Maellaro 2012). Thus, an organisation may experience loss of key talent hence hindering the attainment of the proj ected outcome. In a bid to promote effective employee involvement, organisational managers should integrate the path-goal theory. According to Griffin and Moorhead (2014, p.337), subordinates are ‘motivated by their leader to the extent that the behaviours of that leader influence their expectancies’. Methodology The study will be conducted by integrating the literature survey design. Consequently, the study will obtain data and information on the concept of employee involvement and engagement from credible sources such as peer-reviewed journals, books and reports conducted by credible institutions. However, the study will only evaluate past studies on change initiatives by different organisations. The choice of the aforementioned source of data will ensure that the data obtained is credible hence providing insight to Heinz Company’s management team on how to implement the two concepts in its merger and acquisition process. The data collected will be analysed qua litatively in order gain in-depth understanding of the importance of employee involvement and engagement during merger initiatives. Conclusion Contemporary business organisations are operating in an environment that has progressively become turbulent. Thus, their long-term sustainability depends on the efficacy of their strategic management practices. One of the issues that businesses will continue to face relates to change. The change may be either intentional or unintentional. Irrespective of the nature of change, it is imperative for organisational leaders to integrate effective change management practices. In its quest to undertake the intended merger and acquisition, it is imperative for Heinz Company to adopt effective strategic management practices. One of the areas that the organisations’ management team should focus on entails effective strategic human resource management practices. One of the most pertinent SHRM issues that organisational leaders should take into co nsiderations entails employee involvement and engagement. The study’s findings will provide Heinz Company management team a better understanding of how to undertake employee involvement and engagement in the MA process. Reference List Cummings, T Worley, C 2014, Organisation development and change, Cengage Learning, New York. DiChristopher, T 2015, Buffett’s HJ Heinz to merge with Kraft Foods, cnbc.com/id/102533153 Gill, C 2012, ‘The role of leadership in successful international mergers and acquisition; why Renault-Nissan succeeded and Daimlerchrysler- Mitsubishi failed’, Human Resource Management, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 433-456.a Griffin, R Moorhead, G 2014, Organisational behaviour; managing people and organisations, South-Western Cengage Learning, Mason. Heinz: Welcome to our home 2015, heinz.com/our-company.aspx Holbeche, L 2007, Understanding change, Routledge, New York. Kiessling, T Harvey, M 2006, ‘The human resource management issues during an acquisition; the target firm’s top management team and key managers’, International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 1307-1320. KPMG: Unlocking shareholder value; the keys to success 2000, http://people.stern.nyu.edu/adamodar/pdfiles/eqnotes/KPMGMA.pdf Lakhman, C 2011, ‘Post acquisition cultural integration in mergers and acquisitions; a knowledge based approach’, Human Resource Management, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 605-623. Market Watch: H.J Heinz Company and Kraft Foods Group sign definitive merger agreement to form the Kraft Heinz Company 2015, marketwatch.com/story/hj-heinz-company-and-kraft-foods-group-sign-definitive-merger-agreement-to-form-the-kraft-heinz-company-2015-03-25 Schmitz, J 2009, Understanding the cultural orientation approach; an overview of the development and updates to the COA, viewed on culturalorientations.com/SiteData/docs/ArticleUnd/616d3a22b5d5d472/Article%20%20Understanding%20the%20Cultural%20Orientations %20Approach.12.06.2012.pdf Sparrow, P 2009, Handbook of international human resource management; integrating people, process and context, John Wiley, Chichester. Vazirani, N 2012, ‘Mergers and acquisitions performance evaluation; a literature review’, Journal of Management, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 37-42.

Profile of Serial Killer Arthur Shawcross

Profile of Serial Killer Arthur Shawcross Arthur Shawcross, also known as The Genesee River Killer, was responsible for the murders of 12 women in upstate New York from 1988 to 1990. This was not the first time that he killed.  In 1972 he confessed to the sexual assault and murders of two children. Early Years Arthur Shawcross was born on June 6, 1945, in Kittery, Maine. The family relocated to Watertown, New York, a few years later. From early  on,  Shawcross was socially challenged and spent much of his time alone. His withdrawn behavior earned him the nickname oddie from his peers. He was never a good student failing  both behaviorally and academically during his short time at school. He would often miss classes, and when he was there, he regularly  misbehaved and had the reputation of being a bully and picking fights with other students. Shawcross  dropped out of school  after failing to pass the ninth grade. He was 16 years old.  Over the next few years, his violent behavior intensified, and he was suspected of arson and burglary. He was placed on probation in 1963 for breaking the window of a store. Marriage In 1964 Shawcross married and the next year he and his wife had a son. In November 1965 he was put on probation on a charge of unlawful entry. His wife filed for divorce soon afterward, stating that he was abusive. As part of the divorce, Shawcross gave up all paternal rights to his son and never saw the child again. Military Life In April 1967 Shawcross was drafted into the Army. Right after receiving his draft papers he married for the second time. He was sent to Vietnam from October 1967 until September 1968 and was  then stationed at Fort Sill in Lawton, Oklahoma.  Shawcross later claimed that he killed 39 enemy soldiers  during combat. Officials disputed it and attributed him with a combat kill of zero. After his release from the Army, he and his wife returned to Clayton, New York. She divorced him shortly afterward citing abuse and his propensity to being a  pyromaniac  as her reasons. Prison Time Shawcross was sentenced to five years in prison for arson in 1969. He was released in October 1971, after serving just 22 months of his sentence. He returned to Watertown, and by the following April, he was married for the third time and working for the Public Works Department.  Like his previous marriages, the marriage was short and ended abruptly after he  confessed to murdering two local children. Jack Blake and Karen Ann Hill Within six months of each other, two Watertown children went missing in September 1972. The first child was 10-year-old Jack Blake. His body was found a year later out in the woods. He had been sexually assaulted and strangled to death. The second child was Karen Ann Hill, age 8, who was visiting Watertown with her mother for the Labor Day weekend. Her body was found under a bridge. According to autopsy reports, she had been raped and murdered, and dirt and leaves were found jammed down her throat. Shawcross Confesses Police investigators arrested Shawcross in October 1972 after he was identified as the man who was with Hill on the bridge right before she disappeared.   After working out a plea deal, Shawcross confessed to murdering Hill and Blake and agreed to divulge the location of Blakes body in exchange for a charge of manslaughter in the Hill case and no charges for murdering Blake. Since they had no solid evidence to convict him in the Blake case,  prosecutors agreed, and he was found guilty and given a 25-year-sentence.   Freedom Rings Shawcross was 27 years old, divorced for the third time and would be locked away until the age of 52, but after serving just 14 1/2 years,  he was released from prison.   Being out of prison was challenging for Shawcross once word would get  out about his criminal past. He had to be relocated to four different cities  because of community protests. A decision was made to seal his records from public view, and he was moved one final time. Rochester, New York In June 1987, Shawcross and his new girlfriend, Rose Marie Walley, were relocated to Rochester, New York. This time there were no protests because Shawcross parole officer failed to report to the local police department that a child rapist and murderer had just moved into town. Life for Shawcross and Rose became routine. They got married, and Shawcross worked various low-skilled jobs. It did not take long for him  to become bored with his new menial life. Murder Spree In March 1988, Shawcross began cheating on his wife with a new girlfriend. He also was spending a lot of time  with prostitutes. Unfortunately, over the next two-year,  many of the prostitutes that he got to know would end up dead. A Serial Killer on the Loose Dorothy Dotsie Blackburn, 27, was a cocaine addict and prostitute who often worked on Lyell Avenue, a section in Rochester that was known for prostitution. On March 18, 1998, Blackburn was reported missing by her sister. Six days later her body was pulled from the Genesee River Gorge. An autopsy revealed that she had suffered severe wounds from a blunt object. There were also human bite marks found all around her vagina. The cause of death was strangulation. Blackburns lifestyle opened up a broad range of possible suspects for case detectives to investigate, but with too few clues the case eventually went cold In September, six months after Blackburns body was found, the bones from another missing Lyell Avenue prostitute, Anna Marie Steffen, was found by a man who was collecting bottles to sell for cash. Investigators were unable to identify the victim whose bones were found, so they hired an anthropologist to reconstruct the victims facial features based on a skull that found on the scene. Steffens father saw the facial recreation and identified the victim as his daughter, Anna Marie. Dental records provided additional confirmation. Six Weeks - More Bodies The decapitated and decomposing remains of a homeless woman, 60-year-old Dorothy Keller, was found on October 21, 1989, in the Genesee River Gorge. She died from having her neck broken. Another Lyell Avenue prostitute, Patricia Patty Ives, 25, was found strangled to death and buried under a pile of debris on October 27, 1989. She had been missing for nearly a month. With the discovery of Patty Ives, investigators realized that it was a strong possibility that a serial killer was loose in Rochester. They had the bodies of four women, all who went missing and were murdered within seven months of each other; three had been murdered within a few weeks of each other; three of the victims were prostitutes from Lyell Avenue, and all the victims had bite marks and had been strangled to death. Investigators went from looking for individual killers  to looking for a serial killer and the window of time between his kills was getting shorter. The press also grew interested in the murders and dubbed the killer as the Genesee River Killer, and the Rochester Strangler. June Stott On October 23, June Stott, 30, was reported missing by her boyfriend. Stott was mentally ill and would occasionally vanish without telling anyone. This, along with the fact that she was not a prostitute or drug user, kept her disappearance separated from the serial killer investigation. Easy Pickins Marie Welch, age 22 was a Lyell Avenue prostitute who was reported missing on November 5, 1989. Frances Franny Brown, age 22, was last seen alive leaving Lyell Avenue on November 11, with a client known by some of the prostitutes as Mike or Mitch. Her body, nude except for her boots,  was discovered three days later dumped in the Genesee River Gorge. She had been beaten and strangled to death. Kimberly Logan, 30, another Lyell Avenue prostitute, was found dead on November 15, 1989. She had brutally kicked  and beaten, and dirt and leaves were crammed down her throat, much like Shawcross did to 8-year-old, Karen Ann Hill. This one piece of  evidence could have led the authorities right to Shawcross, had they known that he was living in Rochester. Mike or Mitch At the beginning of November, Jo Ann Van Nostrand told police about a client named Mitch who paid her to play dead and then he would try to strangle her, which she did not allow. Van Nostrand was a seasoned prostitute who had entertained men with all kinds of particularities, but this one - this Mitch - managed to give her the creeps. This was the first real lead the investigators received. It was the second time that the man with the same physical description, named Mike or Mitch, had been mentioned in reference to the murders. Interviews with many of the Lyle prostitutes indicated that he was a regular and that he had the reputation of being violent.   Game Changer On Thanksgiving Day, November 23, a man walking his dog discovered the body June Stott, the one missing person that the police did not connect to the serial killer. Like the other women found, June Stott suffered a vicious beating before dying. But death did not end the killers cruelty. An autopsy revealed that Stott had been strangled to death. The corpse was then anally mutilated, and the body was cut opened from the throat down to the crotch. It was noted that the labia had been cut off and that the killer likely had  it in his possession. For detectives, June Stotts murder sent the investigation into a tailspin. Stott was not a drug addict or a prostitute, and her body had been left in an area far from the other victims. Could it be that Rochester was being stalked by two serial killers? It seemed as if each week another woman went missing and those found murdered were not close to being solved. It was at this point that the Rochester police decided to contact the F.B.I. for help. F.B.I. Profile The F.B.I. Agents sent to Rochester created a profile of the serial killer. They said  that the killer showed characteristics of a man  in his 30s, white, and who knew his victims. He was probably a local man familiar with the area, and he probably had a criminal record. Also, based on the lack of semen found on his victims, he was sexually dysfunctional and found gratification after his victims were dead. They also believed that the killer would return to mutilate the bodies of his victims when possible. More Bodies The body of Elizabeth Liz Gibson, 29, was found strangled to death on November 27, in another county. She was also a Lyell Avenue prostitute and was last seen by Jo Ann Van Nostrand with the Mitch client who she had reported to the police in October. Nostrand went to the police and gave them the information along with a description of the mans vehicle. The F.B.I agents strongly suggested that when the next body was found, that investigators wait and watch to see if the  killer returned to the body. The End of a Bad Year Had investigators hoped that the busy December holiday season and the cold temperatures might slow down the serial killer, they soon found out that they were wrong. Three women disappeared, one right after the other: Darlene Trippi, 32, was known for pairing up for safety with veteran Jo Ann Van Nostrand, yet on December 15, she like others before her, disappeared off Lyell Avenue.June Cicero, 34, was a seasoned prostitute known for her good instincts and for always staying alert, yet on December 17 she also vanished.And as if to toast in the New Year, the serial killer attacked one more time on December 28, plucking 20-year-old Felicia Stephens off the streets. She too was never seen alive again. A Spectator In an effort to find the missing women, police organized  an air search of the Genesee River Gorge. Road patrols were also sent out, and on New Years Eve, they found a pair of black jeans belonging to Felicia Stephens. Her boots were found in another location after the patrol expanded the  search. On January 2, another air and ground search was organized and right before calling it off due to bad weather, the air team spotted what appeared to be the body of a half-nude female  laying face down near the Salmon Creek. As they went down to get a closer look, they also spotted a man on the bridge above the body. He appeared to be urinating, but when he spotted the aircrew, he immediately fled the scene in his van.The ground team was alerted and went in pursuit of the man in the van. The body, which was surrounded by fresh footprints in the snow, was that of June Cicero. She had been strangled to death, and there were bite marks covering what was left of her vagina which had been cut out. Gotcha! The man from the bridge was apprehended at a nearby nursing home. He was identified as Arthur John Shawcross. When asked for his drivers license, he told the police that he did not have one because he had been convicted of manslaughter. Shawcross and his girlfriend Clara Neal were brought to the police station for questioning. After hours of interrogation, Shawcross still maintained that he had nothing to do with any Rochester murders. He did, however, offer up more details about his childhood, his past murders and his experiences in Vietnam. Shocking Admissions There is no definitive answer as to why Shawcross seemed to embellish the stories of what he did to his victims and what had been done to him throughout his childhood. He could have remained silent, yet it seemed he wanted to shock his interrogators, knowing that they could do nothing to him, regardless of how he described his crimes. When discussing the murders of the two children in 1972, he told the detectives that Jack Blake had been bothering him, so he hit him, killing him by mistake. Once the boy was dead, he decided to eat his genitals. He also admitted that he anally raped Karen Ann Hill before strangling her to death. Vietnam Murders While in Vietnam, along with killing 39 men  during combat (which was a proven lie) Shawcross also used the venue to describe in grotesque details  how he murdered, then cooked and ate, two Vietnam women. Family Reactions Shawcross also talked about his childhood, as if using the experience as a way to justify his horrific acts. According to Shawcross, he did not get along with his parents and his mother was domineering and extremely abusive. He also claimed that an aunt sexually molested him when he was 9 years old and that he acted out by sexually molesting his younger sister. Shawcross also said that he had a homosexual relationship at age 11 and experimented with bestiality not long afterward. Shawcross family members strongly denied that he was abused and described his childhood as normal. His sister was equally vehement about never having had a sexual relationship with her brother. As to his aunt sexually abusing him, It was later determined,  that if he had been abused, he somehow blocked out his aunts name because the name that he gave did not belong to any of his real aunts. Released After listening to hours of his self-serving saga, investigators still were unable to get him to admit to any of the Rochester murders. With nothing to hold him on  the police had to let him go, but not before taking his picture. Jo Ann Van Nostrand along with other prostitutes identified the police picture of Shawcross as the same man they called Mike/Mitch. It turned out that he was a regular customer of many of the women on Lyell Avenue. Confessions Shawcross was brought in for questioning a second time. After several hours of interrogation, he still denied having anything to do with the murdered women. It was not until the detectives threatened to bring his wife and his girlfriend Clara in together for questioning  and that they could  be implicated in the murders, did he begin to waver. His first admission that he was involved in the murders was when he told police that Clara had nothing to do with it. Once his involvement was established, the details began to flow. The detectives gave Shawcross a list of 16 women missing or murdered, and he immediately denied having anything to do with five of them. He then confessed to murdering the others. With each victim that he confessed to the killing, he included  what the victim had done to deserve what they got. One victim tried to steal his wallet, another wouldnt be quiet, another made fun of him, and yet another had nearly bitten off his penis.   He also blamed many of the victims for reminding him of his domineering and abusive mother, so much so that once he began to hit them, he couldnt stop. When it came time to discuss June Stott, Shawcross appeared to become melancholy. Apparently, Stott was a friend and had been a guest in his home. He explained to the detectives that the reason he mutilated her body after killing her was a kind favor he extended to her so that she would decompose faster. Reaching Through the Prison Bars A common trait of serial killers is the desire to show they are still in control and can reach through the prison walls and still do damage to those outside.   When it came to Arthur Shawcross, this certainly appeared to be the case, because, throughout the years when interviewed,  his answers to the questions seemed to change depending on who was doing the interviewing. Female interviewers were often subjected to his long descriptions of how much he enjoyed eating the body parts and organs that he had cut out from his victims. Male interviewers often had to listen to his conquests in Vietnam. If he thought he sensed sympathy from the interviewer, he would add more details about how his mother would insert sticks into his anus or offer up specific details into exactly how his aunt took sexual advantage of him when he was just a child. Shawcross was transparent, so much so that the interviewers,  detectives, and doctors that listened to him,  doubted much of what he said when he would describe his childhood  abuse and his enjoyment of cutting up women and  eating body parts. The Trial Shawcross pleaded not guilty by reason of insanity. During his trial, his lawyer tried to prove that Shawcross was a victim of multiple personality disorder stemming from his years of being abused as a child. Post-traumatic stress disorder from his year in Vietnam was also anted up as a reason why he went insane and murdered women. The big problem with this defense was that there was no one who backed up his stories. His family completely denied his accusations of abuse. The Army provided proof that Shawcross was never stationed near a jungle and that he never fought in combat, never burned down huts, was never caught behind a firebomb and never went on jungle patrol as he claimed. As to his claims to have killed and devoured two Vietnam women, two psychiatrists that interviewed him agreed that Shawcross changed the story so often that it became unbelievable. Extra Y Chromosome It was discovered that Shawcross had an extra Y chromosome  which some  have suggested (although there is no proof) makes the person more violent. A cyst found on Shawcross right temporal lobe was said to have caused him to have behavioral seizures where he would display animalistic behavior, such as eating the body parts of his victims. In the end, it came down to what the jury believed, and they werent fooled for a moment. After deliberating for just one-half hour, they found him sane and guilty. Shawcross was sentenced to 250 years in prison and received an additional life sentence after pleading guilty to the murder of Elizabeth Gibson in Wayne County. Death On November 10, 2008, Shawcross died of cardiac arrest after being transferred from the Sullivan Correction Facility to an Albany, New York hospital. He was 63 years old.

Narrative Approaches in Short Stories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Narrative Approaches in Short Stories - Essay Example Nevertheless, it could not be avoided that perceptions of authors are differently expressed because of their genders. In the stories entitled â€Å"A Rose for Emily† and â€Å"Odour of Chrysanthemums†, such characteristics are portrayed by the authors. Therefore, this paper will look even further specifically at the biases, marginalization of women and sympathies of the authors as they are reflected in the aforementioned stories. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is about an unfortunate woman who lived a miserable life. Being a member of the elite society, her actions and decisions have been greatly influenced by his father who did not want his name to be tarnished. Nevertheless, when he died, Emily was left alone and became involved with a worker who was expected to soon marry her. However, after their short romance, the man was believed to have abandoned Emily. When the woman finally died because of old age, it was revealed that the stink that has plagued the neighborhoo d about thirty years ago, was the cadaver of the man who was supposed to marry her, which was laid on her bed and was discovered showing the traces of hair and bones as proofs. The choice of using a fragile and dainty woman presented as a criminal shows bias on the part of the author. Since his female character is an unlikely personality to commit such a gruesome act like killing a person and having his cadaver stay in the room for years, it somehow portrays the perception that women, in their physical appearance, are as dangerous and/or even more treacherous than men. This suggests that women should not be trusted because behind their vulnerable appearances, they actually are precarious. On the other hand, â€Å"Odour of Chrysanthemums† narrates the story of a woman whose husband died in an accident, which explains why he has not gone home at the time he was expected to. However, the narration focuses more on the two women characters, the wife, and the mother-in-law. The wif e is shown to be indifferent toward the unexpected circumstance that they are faced with, being more concerned about the children being awakened by the commotion than the fuss she is expected to show over her husband’s death. The mother-in-law, on the other hand, has done nothing since her appearance but to cry and talk about how good her son was. The bias is quite obvious in the story because the male characters are shown to be minor actors who were just there to complete the actions that were expected to take place. On the contrary, the characterizations of the women have been magnified, reflecting the negative attitudes of women behind their obvious activities. On the marginalization of women, â€Å"A Rose for Emily† states that â€Å"the women mostly out of curiosity (went) to see the inside of her house† (Faulkner). Such declaration asserts that women are not really at the deceased house to show their last respect but to satisfy their curiosity. In addition , it says, â€Å"Only a man of Colonel Sartoris’ generation and thought could have invented it, and only a woman could have believed it† (Faulkner). The phrase â€Å"Only a man of Colonel Sartoris’ generation and thought† represents the old-fashioned and already non-existing characteristics of males. His generation which he represents is already gone and new generations which have better ideals have changed that old system. However, the next phrase, â€Å"and only a woman could have believed it†, speaks of women in general. This shows a separation between men and women.        Ã‚  

Vietnam war Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Vietnam war - Essay Example The North Vietnamese forces were supported by the Soviet Union by sending military supplies through its own proxy, communist China. The South Vietnamese were initially supported by the Americans by sending its military advisers but eventually the Americans got involved in the war by fighting directly themselves. The root cause of the Vietnam War is the American belief in the â€Å"domino theory† chain reaction which posits the idea that communism was spreading in Southeast Asia and soon the countries in the region will fall into the communist bloc if America will not intervene forcefully to stop it.1 The result of the Vietnam War was adverse for the United States of America as it lost in a war fought on military terms which was fought mostly as a non-conventional or guerrilla war. It marked the decline of American superpower status as it was defeated by a third-world country. America entered an isolationist and pacifist period as there was a strong anti-war public opinion or sentiment against starting new wars that cost thousands of American lives in foreign lands.2 In retrospect, the Vietnam War made Americans wary of military adventurism

Book report on The Beauty Myth Naomi Wolf Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Book report on The Beauty Myth Naomi Wolf - Essay Example The transition from the stereotypical housewife to the news making beauty myth has resulted in lessening the status. Being beautiful as well as not, pose problems. For instance, at work, beautiful women are often mistaken as incompetent. They suffer from the discrimination that they are merely pretty and not good enough for work. If the women are not beautiful they are looked down as diffident and inactive. If a woman is harassed, that is again due to her beauty. Women are caught up in something like a catch22 situation. There are a lot of fashion magazines on demand. They all tell us how to be beautiful and why and when and lots more. It is meant to shape our lives. It gives us information on a wide range of beauty products and puts us into buying them. These magazines make us feel inferior about our looks. They pressurize us intensely and they win in getting the women with big pockets spend and thrive on the products. There was a time when everyone wanted to achieve spiritual salvation- when the Ultimate was the quest for moral principles and values. It has changed. The beauty myth has changed women to search for beauty salvation instead. Now all they want is to be thin and beautiful and thereby to attain salvation. Sexual relations with partner are highly affected by the myths. Sex needs freedom of expression and comfortable styles of doing. Our women are too much engaged in their looks and this has made them unnecessarily self-conscious and this, inurn, affects sex adversely. The women are made tenuous in their relationships and they develop poor self-esteem. No man wants to be an admirer of beauty all the time. He wants and expects a partner in himself and his woman. I should admit that Anorexia and Bulimia have become favorites of the beauty industry. It cannot be helped. How willingly women go hungry for days! If not going on hunger, it is lesser calorie intake. They

Frida Film Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Frida Film Report - Essay Example Kahlo is bedridden most of her time but manages to do many paintings in spite of the pain she suffers. Although she is bedridden, she does not let the physical injuries and pain weigh her down. Her pain is more when she gets married to Rivera, who gets involved with other women despite her plea to him to b faithful. The movie affected me in various ways as Kahlo faced many challenges in life including severe pain from the accident. One of the issues in the poem that relates to my case is physical pain. Kahlo was affected by polio and later involved in an accident leaving her in pain. In my case, the pain is due to injuries sustained during a cycling competition with my friends when we collided with another cyclist. Sometimes the pain is severe but I always ensure that it does not interfere with my work as I can do so many things. Another issue is the psychological pain that Kahlo endures after her marriage faces challenges. My psychological pain is not related to marital troubles but disagreement with my family members who want me to take the management of our family business. The issue that stresses me is because they keep on insisting that I must participate in its management yet I am interested utilization my talents and skills as an actor. Nobody understands my argument, and they all think that I lack commitment yet I know I have dreams to achieve in life. The situation is stressing and am struggling to find ways of solving it. Just as Kahlo suffered, psychological stress due to her troublesome marriage am suffering due to the family business.

Individual paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Individual paper - Essay Example In Brazil the owned subsidiary of Wal-Mart is known as Sam’s Club and the in Mexico it is known as Suburbia. Both the subsidiaries have different work cultures as they are situated in two different countries. I have got an opportunity from both Sam’s Club and Suburbia to join as a store’s manager. In the essay I have made a comparative analysis on both the company’s work culture to arrive at a decision for which option to choose. The essay also elaborates the facts about the two countries- Mexico and Brazil, like the living conditions, availability of transportation, cost of living and the multicultural competence in the two countries. 2. Wal-Mart Stores Inc. Wal-Mart Stores Inc. is a multinational retail giant who has dedicated their work for the betterment of the lives of their customers all over the world. The retail giant has acquired many stores all over the world and has increased their assets so as to become the largest chain of departmental stores in the world. The two subsidiaries of Wal-Mart in Brazil and Mexico are Sam’s Club and Suburbia respectively. Sam’s Club in Brazil Sam’s Club is a club which offers membership to the customers and that sells goods to both retail customers and the business customers or the wholesalers. The club sells general merchandise and groceries to their customers in large quantities. The average size of the club is around 88,000 sq. feet. The customers who have not taken the membership of stores can either take membership for one day or pay a surcharge on the price of the products that are purchased. The club also sells gasoline to the customers. It has identified a niche market as a supplier to the small business which is not so well known. The club stores open at the early hours and it has the slogan of â€Å"We’re in Business for Small Business† (â€Å"About Us†). It has recorded the highest sales in 2007 which was $42 billion or 12.1% of total Wal-M art’s sales in 2007 (â€Å"About Us†). The operation of Sam’s Club in Brazil has remained the same over the years which is giving their customers the best quality goods and delivering the goods to them with minimum costs and giving them a very comfortable environment to shop. They have made shopping simple for the customers by bringing products at their door step. Rosalind G. Brewer, the CEO of Sam’s Club, has always focused on the innovation and technology and targeted in expanding their business by opening up new stores. The sustainability goals of Sam’s Club are the following: 1) 100% renewable energy 2) Creating zero waste. 3) Selling products that are sustainable to the environment and people (â€Å"Fact Sheet†). Sam’s Club even organize program like Giving Program to help the small owners of business by providing them with ideas of creating new business and development of vital products which will help them to connect with the c ommunity they are serving (â€Å"Giving Program†). The working culture at Sam’s Club is a unique one. It has the best team members who are all hard working. The departments like the marketing, logistics, finance and human resource are competent enough to make the whole business profitable. The employees are paid above the retail industry average salary. The employees were gives facilities like the medical assistance and also educational assistance for them and their children. Health care assistance is provided to them on an average of $17 dollar per day. The employees also enjoy attractive quarterly bonuses

When Friend Forgets to Pay Back Loans Personal Statement

When Friend Forgets to Pay Back Loans - Personal Statement Example This is true, and such situations need to be handled with care. If a friend of mine does not repay the loan, I will have no option but to confront him in a peaceful and amicable manner. Firstly, I would arrange for the both of us to have an open talk. A friendly and confiding talk can bridge the gap that the unpaid loan has brought in. Next, I would ask him for the reason that had prevented him form keeping up his word. I shall help him take me into confidence and confide in me about his position or circumstance. By treating him with courtesy and not intending to spoil our friendship, I would also talk to him openly about my dilemma. The fact that I am in a financial crunch and in bad need of the sum would be explained to him in a very amicable manner. Next, I would go no to tell him that if not for this crunch, I wouldn't have been hell-bent and too strict with the dates of repayment. I would politely but strictly tell him to repay it within a week at the maximum.

Individual paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Individual paper - Essay Example In Brazil the owned subsidiary of Wal-Mart is known as Sam’s Club and the in Mexico it is known as Suburbia. Both the subsidiaries have different work cultures as they are situated in two different countries. I have got an opportunity from both Sam’s Club and Suburbia to join as a store’s manager. In the essay I have made a comparative analysis on both the company’s work culture to arrive at a decision for which option to choose. The essay also elaborates the facts about the two countries- Mexico and Brazil, like the living conditions, availability of transportation, cost of living and the multicultural competence in the two countries. 2. Wal-Mart Stores Inc. Wal-Mart Stores Inc. is a multinational retail giant who has dedicated their work for the betterment of the lives of their customers all over the world. The retail giant has acquired many stores all over the world and has increased their assets so as to become the largest chain of departmental stores in the world. The two subsidiaries of Wal-Mart in Brazil and Mexico are Sam’s Club and Suburbia respectively. Sam’s Club in Brazil Sam’s Club is a club which offers membership to the customers and that sells goods to both retail customers and the business customers or the wholesalers. The club sells general merchandise and groceries to their customers in large quantities. The average size of the club is around 88,000 sq. feet. The customers who have not taken the membership of stores can either take membership for one day or pay a surcharge on the price of the products that are purchased. The club also sells gasoline to the customers. It has identified a niche market as a supplier to the small business which is not so well known. The club stores open at the early hours and it has the slogan of â€Å"We’re in Business for Small Business† (â€Å"About Us†). It has recorded the highest sales in 2007 which was $42 billion or 12.1% of total Wal-M art’s sales in 2007 (â€Å"About Us†). The operation of Sam’s Club in Brazil has remained the same over the years which is giving their customers the best quality goods and delivering the goods to them with minimum costs and giving them a very comfortable environment to shop. They have made shopping simple for the customers by bringing products at their door step. Rosalind G. Brewer, the CEO of Sam’s Club, has always focused on the innovation and technology and targeted in expanding their business by opening up new stores. The sustainability goals of Sam’s Club are the following: 1) 100% renewable energy 2) Creating zero waste. 3) Selling products that are sustainable to the environment and people (â€Å"Fact Sheet†). Sam’s Club even organize program like Giving Program to help the small owners of business by providing them with ideas of creating new business and development of vital products which will help them to connect with the c ommunity they are serving (â€Å"Giving Program†). The working culture at Sam’s Club is a unique one. It has the best team members who are all hard working. The departments like the marketing, logistics, finance and human resource are competent enough to make the whole business profitable. The employees are paid above the retail industry average salary. The employees were gives facilities like the medical assistance and also educational assistance for them and their children. Health care assistance is provided to them on an average of $17 dollar per day. The employees also enjoy attractive quarterly bonuses

Personal Statement of Interest for Graduate Admission at the University of Baltimore Essay Example for Free

Personal Statement of Interest for Graduate Admission at the University of Baltimore Essay Life always takes me to a new and exciting experience each day. I believe everything that happened to me made me a person better than I am yesterday. It is a roller coasters experience since I meet every ups and down in life I always look forward in the future with much anticipation. I have a heart full of hope and a determined mind to succeed in everything I do. This is why I decided to apply on Baltimore’s graduate program on the field of Public Administration. I have the right mindset and I possess the necessary skills needed for the said program. I am looking forward to a future full of hope. I believe I can make all my dreams a reality come true. My name is (insert your name here) and I am currently studying at the University of Baltimore where I am taking up Bachelors Degree in Business Administration specializing in Human Resource Management. I will be graduating on January 11, 2009. I really cherish this educational institution because it honed me to be the best student that I can be in this field. I believe that the educational experience I had is still not enough that is why I continue to quest for knowledge and pursue another degree this coming Spring Semester of 2009. I wish to pursue another degree which majors in Public Administration specializing in Public Policy and Administration. I consider education as the most important factor geared towards success; and in order to achieve such, hard work and dedication should be exemplified in school. I am determined to succeed in life and continue the said degree until the end. I gained my degree in Applied Science in Business Administration last June 12, 2006 from Monroe College in New Rochelle, NY. I made it on the President and Dean’s List each semester and gained a 3. 5 GPA upon graduation. I treasure every achievement that I receive and impart it to my family and the institution where I am studying. I believe that it is always right to bring back the glory to the ones who assisted you towards success. Gaining recognitions is my way of paying tribute to my mentors and friends. Currently, I am part of the Helen P. Denit Honors Program where I am proud to say that I possess a GPA of 3. 4. I am also an active member of the Caribbean Students Association and Human Resources Society. I am happy being part of the aforementioned affiliations because it adds up meaningful experiences and lessons to my being. I also meet diverse people from different walks of life that made me more prepared for my future profession. Being one of the Dean’s Lister of the University of Baltimore boosted my pride and ego even more. Having a master’s degree in Public Administration will make me a more complete professional. I will be more aware of the knowledge and skills necessary to succeed in life. It will be an additional spice to the previous education that I had. The University of Baltimore is equipped of the professors and educational resources that will make me an expert in this field. Studying on the same university where I graduated is like a home away from home. I already feel the warmth and friendliness of future professors and colleagues. Another reason for attending University of Baltimore is the reputation that it possesses when it comes to catering transfer students. When I transferred there from Monroe College, I experience its strong reputation and I felt a smooth transition because of its accessible course schedules. It offers a wide array of information and facilities that helps in cultivating the knowledge to promising students like me. I believe that it is important to stay in this university as a sign of loyalty and integrity. In addition I have learned so much from my professors and classmates especially when it comes to confidence and moral boost. It opened up gates of opportunity for me to stand up and be known for what I am knowledgeable. The educational experiences at University of Baltimore were all priceless. After completing my master’s degree, I am planning to go back to the United States Virgin Islands. I wanted to receive a master’s degree in Public Administration because of my willingness to relocate back home. I believe that it is one of the best things that I can carry with me because it will contribute to my society. Back in the Virgin Islands a degree in Public Administration goes a long way because everything there is centralized around the government. I believe that I will be given the chance to move up easily in an organization because it is a small island working in a private industry where a person’s ability is very limited. I would be able to move around and cross-train in the different fields and departments because I have a degree in Public Administration. Success has been attributed to the lessons learned in the years ahead. These are the little things that help us become prepared for the difficulties that life has to offer Through my hard work and patient, I believe that I will be able to gain a great deal of experience on how to make it big in this field of interest. Furthermore, I realized that rendering my services I Public Administration would bridge gaps between people. In this light, I had to improve and level up my skills in this degree for me to practice the profession. Being an Employee Development Specialist is one of my foremost ambitions. Being on the said career will make way for me to be a pride in the government of the United States Virgin Islands. I know that this is very suitable for my persona because it involves both my undergraduate degree in Human Resource and future degree in Public Administration. Aside from this, I also intend to work out an overall career goal and that is to work and move up in the different careers in the Human Resource Field. There are skills and virtues needed for one to be successful in life. These are not simply found inside our house or outside the classroom. It needs to be gained earned the hard way. Sharing an insight by using my experience to one of my favorite sports will give you a clearer meaning of this. Playing (insert name of favorite sport here) is indeed my cup of tea. But at first I was really hesitant to play because I’m afraid I don’t have any knowledge at all or the right skills to play it good. But as time goes by I was able to grasp all the necessary requirements to meet the goal. Achieving it was never easy. Rather, it involves the presence of mind and the ability to cooperate with everyone in the team. For this I have learned the importance of coordination and team work. I believe that those are the most difficult tasks to achieve. We solely rely on ourselves for everything, and in so doing, there are certain things in life that need to be shared. Heroic acts may seem simple, but these are the things that cause much confusion on the side of people. I believe that just like playing my favorite sport, the filed of Public Administration is a big challenge. It is a long and winding road to take but I will never loose courage to meet the goal. I wish to work on future public policies and administering it all the best that I can. Tantamount learning will compensate the things that I gained from school and this will make me stand out among the rest. As a token of appreciation from my Alma matter, the recognitions I will receive in the future for this field will be dedicated to Baltimore. Education may seem difficult to achieve, but it is the best solution to a better life. There will be tough times but I believe that I can surpass it all. I will learn that through time, I can hone myself and be successful in my chosen path. Regardless of how others try to pull me down, there is no way for them to steal the knowledge that I have acquired over the years. Although it may seem like a dream, I want to be known as someone who has contributed much to my society. Although this may sound off, I believe that anyone can be successful, as long as he puts his heart and soul into it. Hard work and dedication are needed in order to become the striking individual that I want to be. Public Administration covers many areas that gave me challenges and opportunities. Becoming a professional in this field is a life long dream for me that will meet both of my philosophy and career goals. I am more than ready to take courage and travel the journey towards my ambition of being a successful professional of Public Administration in the future and help people the best that I can. All my personal qualities and experiences made me a clearer understanding of this profession as it made me realize the importance of choosing this career. I am a very passionate individual and I use this as one of the driving key to strive hard and be excellent in Public administration. I want to give service to the people and give dedicate to them the best of my capacity and at the same time build a personal relationship with them. Personal experiences gave me learning and responsibilities that molded me to be what I am now. My endeavors in life that I wished to happen at the right time come with great purpose. I believe that I have the capabilities and I am highly motivated to succeed in this career that I choose to take. I want to illustrate the qualities that I have that will help me succeed in pursuing my degree in Public Administration. I see my personal and academic experiences as stages of growth that have helped me to understand my own potential and the road that I wish to take in life. While vast opportunities are before me, I feel that my true calling lies in the fascinating and challenging world of Public Administration. I take one step at a time to manage my skills in a way that will lead to further enhancement and development. Life is a roller coaster and there are certain events where my abilities are put into test which later on taught me how strong I should be. I firmly believe that this is a course that would help me shine as an individual. I thought about my future and what I really wanted to do with my life. I plan to further enhance my craft through this degree and eventually be successful in this field. Highly motivated I believe that having Public Administration as a degree will surely ease the path towards reaching my goals. I look forward to my future with great anticipation. I know that the time has finally come for me to realize my dreams and make them come true. From everything that has been said, I believe that the education and training that University of Baltimore would provide me with, would be of great help in my quest for further studies. My goals and aspirations in life would become one step closer at a time. I would be regarded as the man who lives for tomorrow.